张英,孙继朝*,王金翠,荆继红
Abstract
The North China Plain(NCP) is one of the
water shortage areas of China. Lack of water resources restricted the economic
and social development of North China area and resulted in deterioration of
ecosystem and natural environment. Influencedby the climate change and human
activities, the water circulation of NCPwas largely changed and the crisis of
water resources was aggravated. Therefore, it is important to study the
features of the extreme climate and the response mechanism of groundwater to
climate change. We analyzed the trend of climate change and extreme climate
features in the past 60 years based on the monitoring data of meteorological
stations. And then the response characteristics of groundwater to climate
change were discussed. The average temperature of NCP was in an obviously
upward trend. The overall precipitation variation was in a downward trend. The
climate change in this area showed a warming-drying trend. The intensity of
extreme precipitation displayed a trend of declining and then increasing from
north to south as well as declining from eastern coastal plain to the piedmont
plain. Grey correlation degree analysis indicated that groundwater depth had a
close relationship with precipitation and human activities in NCP. The response
of groundwater level to precipitation differed from the piedmont
alluvial-pluvial plain to the coastal plain. The response was more obvious in
the coastal plain than the piedmont alluvial-pluvial plain and the middle
plain. The precipitation influenced the groundwater depth both directly and
indirectly. Under the condition of extreme precipitation, the impact would
aggravate, in the forms of rapid or lag raise of groundwater levels.